Capital Punishment

Capital Punishment:

Definition:

The legally authorized killing of someone as punishment for a crime.

Explanation:

Capital punishment is the practice of executing someone as punishment for a specific crime after a proper legal trial. It can only be used by a state, so when non-state organizations speak of having 'executed' a person they have actually committed a murder. Capital punishment is the death penalty. It is used today and was used in ancient times to punish a variety of crimes; The Death Penalty is a controversial issue because there are people that state the Death Penalty is wrong and good in some way.

Historical background

In 1947, at the time of independence, only homicide and treason were punishable by death penalty. The important evolution occurred between 1977 and 1988 under General Zia ul Haq’s regime, and the beginning of the Islamisation of the country. The peak of executions by year was reached in 1978, with 207 executions. The lowest happened in 1989, where no execution took place....

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Euthanasia

Euthanasia:

Definition:

“Euthanasia is the intentional killing by act or omission of a person whose life is felt not to be worth living.”  

Introduction:

Euthanasia - refers to the practice of ending a life in a painless manner. Many different forms of euthanasia can be distinguished, including animal euthanasia and human euthanasia, and within the latter, voluntary and involuntary euthanasia. Voluntary euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide have been the focus of great controversy in recent years.

History:

The term euthanasia comes from the Greek word which means “well-death” . Hippocrates mentions euthanasia in the Hippocratic Oath, which was written between 400 and 300 B.C. The original Oath states: “To please no one will I prescribe a deadly drug nor give advice which may cause his death.”

Classification of Euthanasia:

Euthanasia by consent:

 Euthanasia may be conducted with consent (voluntary euthanasia) or without consent (involuntary euthanasia). Involuntary euthanasia is conducted where an individual makes a decision for another person incapable of doing so.

Euthanasia by means:

Euthanasia may be conducted passively, non-actively, and actively. Passive euthanasia entails the withholding of common treatments (such as antibiotics, chemotherapy in cancer, or surgery) or the distribution of a medication (such as morphine) to relieve pain, knowing that it may also result in death (principle of double effect).

A Controversial Contemporary Issue

The facts:

Euthanasia comes from two Greek words meaning “good death”. In contemporary debate it refers to the deliberate killing of a person supposedly for the benefit of that person. It is sometimes termed “mercy killing”. In most cases euthanasia is carried out because the person who dies asks for it (voluntary euthanasia), but there are cases of euthanasia where a person can't make such a request (involuntary euthanasia). A person who undergoes euthanasia is usually terminally ill, but there are other situations in which some people want euthanasia. Below you’ll find some of the main arguments that are used in favour and against euthanasia.

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MEDIA ETHICS REPORT

MEDIA ETHICS

Introduction

For many years now, globally, the media has assumed and reinforced its important role as a legitimate reflection of public interest and opinion. Since Edmund Burke’s famous remarks made in the House of Commons in England in 1774 in recognition of the important contributions the press made, the place and position of the media in society and governance structure of states continues to be recognized and consolidated as the fourth estate. This is very true of the Pakistani media which is fast becoming a strong pillar, catalyst and tool of democracy since 1994 when Pakistan re-embraced multi-party democracy with a liberalized, plural media..... 

Ethical Conduct a safeguard of Media Freedom  The initiative by the Pakistan Electoral Commission (MEC) to facilitate a process of self regulation through a code of practice to guide the conduct of the media during the 2009 general elections lies at the heart of Media Council of Pakistan’s (MCP) mandate to safeguard media freedom through self regulation. The number one objective of Media Council  of  Pakistan  is  to  defend  and  safeguard  media  freedom  in  Pakistan......

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Drug Abuse

Drug Abuse Report:

A fine report is available on the topic of drug abuse with the research material.....

Introduction:

The word drugs is believed to have originated by mistake from a German word ‘’drog’’ meaning ‘’dry’’ which common usages denotes contents. Drugs is not scientific term. Therefore, it has been variously defined.

Drugs is very wider term and that can be used for both medicinal and non medicinal purposes. Drugs in context of phrases like drugs problem or drug abuse is really a short hand for socially disapproved ways....

Cultivation in pakistan:

Pakistan is facing a serious and complex situation in narcotics. Two narcotics plants (i)the opium poppy and (ii) cannabis have traditionally been growth in Pakistan. Cannabis grows wild in most parts in Pakistan and as a cultivated plant in the north of the country........

Statement of the problem:

Man’s desire to employ substances that provide pleasurable stimulation or narcotic effect  upon the central nervous system has been expressed universally in ancient as well as in modern civilization. With the passage of time, excessive indulgence, in them came to be considered as.........

Effects of drugs:

The problem of drugs abuse has serious implication for the health and happiness of the individual, family community and society at large. It has for reaching impacts on the economy, society, politics and even on international relations........

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